منابع مشابه
hearsay rule and its exceptions in common law with a comparative view to iranian law
hearsay in common law, is a statement made out-of-court and offered in court as evidence to prove the truth of the assertion made in the statement. the hearsay rule states that hearsay is not admissible unless provided by exceptions in the rules of evidence or courts’ precedents. the test for determining hearsay is whether a statement was made out of court and is being offered in order to prove...
متن کاملThe Role of Exceptions in Models of the Law
Existing knowledge representation languages designed for building models of legal domains have required that exceptions to a general rule be collapsed into a single, detailed rule. Although the logic of such rules is clear, they are useless when the complexity of a model grows to realistic proportions. To support this claim, the nature and purpose of models of the law is discussed, and the role...
متن کاملRules and Exceptions: the Junggrammatiker and Verner's Law
Modern Standard Arabic is a language noted for its regularity. Is it, therefore, a suitable candidate for examination using Beedham's Method of Lexical Exceptions (Beedham 2005)? The majority of Arabic verbs are derived from triliteral (triconsonantal) roots which are slotted into a small, finite number of patterns forming the basis of the lexical system. However, a brief survey of Arabic gramm...
متن کاملUnchecked Exceptions: Can the Programmer be Trusted to Document Exceptions?
The emergence of exception handling mechanisms in modern programming languages made available a different way of communicating errors between procedures. For years, programmers trusted in the correct documentation for error codes returned by procedures to correctly handle erroneous situations. Now, they have to focus on the documentation of exceptions for the same effect. But to which extent ca...
متن کاملSgml and Exceptions Sgml and Exceptions
The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) allows users to deene document type deenitions (DTDs), which are essentially extended context-free grammars in a notation that is similar to extended Backus{Naur form. The right-hand side of a production is called a content model and its semantics can be modiied by exceptions. We give precise deenitions of the semantics of exceptions and prove tha...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1970
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/227101a0